Shotgun

Shotguns for bird hunting, goose hunting, and small game hunting. Types, gauges, and usage.

The shotgun is the standard weapon for bird hunting, goose hunting, and much small game hunting. It fires a swarm of pellets that spread in a cone in front of the barrel.

The most common types: Over/under (O/U): Two barrels stacked vertically. Most popular for hunting and clay pigeon shooting. Provides two quick shots.

Side-by-side: Two barrels next to each other. Traditional design, popular in England and among enthusiasts. Wider sighting plane.

Semi-automatic: Self-loading. Provides 3 shots (2+1 in Norway). Popular for goose hunting where you need multiple shots quickly. Beretta, Benelli, and Browning dominate.

Pump-action: Manual cycling by pumping the forend. Reliable and affordable, but rarely used for hunting in Norway.

12 gauge (12/70 and 12/76) is standard for most hunting situations. 12/76 (magnum) allows heavier loads, useful for goose hunting with steel shot.

20 gauge is lighter and produces less recoil. Good for ptarmigan hunting and youth hunters. Shells are cheaper but have shorter effective range.

Choke: Most modern shotguns have interchangeable chokes. Cylinder for close range (under 20 m), half choke for medium range, and full choke for long range (30+ m). For goose hunting, 3/4 or full choke is commonly used.

Steel shot is required in wetland areas and generally recommended. Lead is being phased out.